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Type approval of ionising smoke detectors (ISM)
Ionising smoke detectors (ISM) are equipments that contain radioactive materials, mostly Americium-241. The radiation of the radioactive material ionizes the air located in the smoke detectors. The induced ionisation current changes if smoke aerosols entered the ISM. This is used to create a smoke alarm.
Generally, the operation of ISM requires a licence, except ISM are type approved. To achieve a type approval it is necessary to comply with specific requirements of radiation protection, as, e.g., the limits of radiation dose rate.
State of 2018.04.05